Assebly language programming guide(masm)
An assembly language is afor programming computers. It implements a symbolic representation of the numericand other constants needed to program a particulararchitecture. This representation is usually defined by the hardware manufacturer, and is based on abbreviations (called ) that help the programmer remember individual instructions, , etc. An assembly language is thus specific to a certain physical or virtual computer architecture (as opposed to most , which are ).
Assembly languages were first developed in the 1950s, when they were referred to as . They eliminated much of the error-prone and time-consumingprogramming needed with the earliest computers, freeing the programmer from tedium such as remembering numeric codes and calculating addresses. They were once widely used for all sorts of programming. However, by the 1980s (1990s on small computers), their use had largely been supplanted by , in the search for improved . Today, assembly language is used primarily for direct hardware manipulation, access to specialized processor instructions, or to address critical performance issues. Typical uses are , low-level , andsystems.
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